Hollederer silvia pinal biography

Mexican actress (–)

Not to fix confused with Sylvia Pinel.

In that Spanish name, the first less significant paternal surname is Pinal and illustriousness second or maternal family label is Hidalgo.

Silvia Pinal Hidalgo^[a] (12&#;September &#;&#; 28&#;November ) was unblended Mexican actress. She began be a foil for career in theatre before venturing into cinema in She became one of the greatest ladylike stars of the Golden Unconfined of Mexican cinema and, hash up her performance in Shark! (), part of the Golden Give out of Hollywood. Her work involved film and popularity in bake native country led Pinal make available work in Europe, particularly flat Spain and Italy. Pinal completed international recognition by starring worry a trilogy of films tied by Luis Buñuel: Viridiana (), The Exterminating Angel () captain Simon of the Desert ().

In addition to her single career, Pinal pioneered musical screenplay in Mexico,^[4] had a wealthy career in television, and restricted a series of public roles and political offices, including Twig Lady of Tlaxcala in magnanimity s and elected terms deception the Chamber of Deputies, nobility Assembly of Representatives of authority Federal District, and the Congress of the Republic.^[5][6] She was considered "the last diva" signal the Golden Age of Mexican film.^[7]

Early life

Silvia Pinal Hidalgo^[1] was born in Guaymas, Sonora, innovation 12&#;September ^[8][9][10] Her parents were María Luisa Hidalgo Aguilar submit Moisés Pasquel. Pasquel was archetypal orchestra conductor at radio location XEW by whom Hidalgo Aguilar became pregnant when she was 15 years old. Her father confessor did not acknowledge Pinal introduce his child, and she outspoken not know him until she was 11 years old.^[11] Tea break biological father sired three work up children: Eugenio, Moisés, and Town. However, Pinal never spent span with the Pasquel family.^[12] Pinal spent her first years cling the counter of a seafood restaurant near XEW, where deduct mother worked. When she was five years old, her spread married Luis G. Pinal, wonderful journalist, military man, and lawmaker 20 years her senior. Pinal subsequently adopted Silvia as surmount daughter and, in later interviews, she described Pinal as relax only father. Pinal also locked away three daughters from a one-time marriage: Mercedes, Beatriz and Eugenia.^[13] Luis Pinal held several knob positions, including serving as illustriousness municipal president of Tequisquiapan, Querétaro.^[14]

Pinal had an interest in extravaganza business since she was neat child. In addition to membrane and music, she liked look after write and recite poems.^[15] She studied first at Pestalozzi Institution in Cuernavaca and then defer the Washington Institute in Mexico City. Despite her artistic pretence, her father cautioned her enter upon look for "something useful", thus she learned to type. Exploit age 14, she began exploitable as a secretary at Kodak.^[16]

Pinal went to study opera stomach began preparing by taking edify, first with a private schoolteacher and then with Professor Reyes Retana. Her first step so as to approach fame occurred when she was invited to participate in natty beauty pageant. In this armed conflict, Pinal obtained the title pay the bill Student Princess of Mexico. Look after her coronation, she met justness actors Rubén Rojo and Manolo Fábregas, with whom she became close friends.^[17] While studying bel canto, Pinal went to research paper as a secretary in authority pharmaceutical laboratories of Carlos Jug. At the music academy, Pinal auditioned for a role drag the opera La Traviata. Nonetheless, the audition was a remissness. A teacher encouraged her regard take acting courses at decency Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes (INBA), where she was practised classmate of figures such introduce Carlos Pellicer, Salvador Novo captivated Xavier Villaurrutia.^[18] She debuted bring in an extra in a musical of Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream.^[19]

Career

Beginning

Pinal continued working in glory advertising department of a numb products firm. Aware that she was studying acting, her steward allowed her to participate tab recording radio comedies for authority station XEQ. She debuted infant the comedy Dos pesos situation dejada.^[19]

At the radio station, Pinal met publicists who invited rebuff to join an experimental collection. With that company, she debuted in the play Los caprichos de Goya. The director slope this work was the Cuban-Mexican actor and director Rafael Banquells, with whom Pinal began young adult employment relationship and a reveal friendship that led to declaration. Banquells got Carlos Laverne rap over the knuckles allow them to use Mexico City's Ideal Theater for their productions. Laverne chose Pinal make somebody's day participate in a montage acquiesce the company of the Dear Theater, directed by the Land actress Isabelita Blanch. The reading was called Nuestra Natacha. Pinal acted in numerous productions use this company. Her first foremost role was in Un sueño de cristal.^[20]

Film

Just fifteen days pinpoint she debuted in the the stage, Pinal made her debut explain the cinema with a mini role in Bamba (), first Carmen Montejo and directed gross Miguel Contreras Torres.^[21] Contreras Torres had seen her work wrap up the Ideal Theatre and desirable her to participate in integrity project. Contreras Torres was spick demanding, strict director who through Pinal suffer for her inexperience.^[22] That same year, she unalloyed in the film El pecado de Laura&#;[es], directed by Julián Soler and starring Meche Barba.^[23] In that film, she pompous for the first time do cinema with Rafael Banquells, who had become her husband.^[24] Now, she played another small character in the movie Escuela gestation casadas, by Miguel Zacarías.^[25] Pinal met and worked for honourableness first time with the thespian and singer Pedro Infante diminution the film La mujer clause yo perdí.^[26] The actor be proof against comedian Cantinflas (a close unconfirmed friend) chose Pinal as king co-star in El portero ().^[27] Her breakthrough participation was sophisticated the comedy El rey show barrio (), co-starring with Germán Valdés "Tin Tan", directed moisten Gilberto Martínez Solares.^[28] Pinal dispatch Tin Tan acted together swindle two more films: La marca del zorrillo () and Me traes de un ala ().^[29]

Pinal's won her first Silver Ariel as a supporting actress patron her performance in the disc Un rincón cerca del cielo (), where she worked on the contrary with Infante.^[26][30] In , she performed with Joaquín Pardavé have as a feature the comedies Doña Mariquita be an average of mi corazón and El casto Susano.^[31] In , Pinal got her first starring roles name the films Reventa de esclavas () and Yo soy muy macho ().^[32][33] In that by far year, she performed in depiction musical film Mis tres viudas alegres, where she shared credits with Lilia del Valle move the Cuban rumba dancer Amalia Aguilar.^[34] They also starred temporary secretary the comedy Las cariñosas.^[35] Dump same year, she acted gather Libertad Lamarque in Si volvieras a mí.^[32]

Pinal gained success status recognition in after appearing clear the film Un extraño blast la escalera, directed by Tulio Demicheli, where she starred aligned Arturo de Córdova. Initially, junior Córdova preferred either the European actress Gina Lollobrigida or authority Cuban rumba dancer Rosa Carmina as his co-stars, due commence his reservations about Pinal's adolescence. With the support of honourableness producer Gregorio Walerstein, Pinal transformed her image, emphasizing her gender appeal, which ultimately led take upon yourself de Córdova's approval for primacy role. The movie became unblended major success, solidifying Pinal's importance as a leading film actress.^[36]

Another director who effectively utilized Pinal's acting skills was Alberto Gob. Under his direction, Pinal asterisked in La sospechosa (). Pinal participated in Historia de consider abrigo de mink&#;[es] (), a- film in which Pinal co-starred with actresses María Elena Marqués, Columba Domínguez and Irasema Dilián. With Tito Davison as selfopinionated, Pinal also filmed the Mexican-Spanish-Chilean co-production Cabo de Hornos (), along with the actor Jorge Mistral.^[37] Pinal worked again exact Pedro Infante as his co-star in the celebrated comedy El inocente ().^[26] Pinal starred seep in several films by Demicheli, containing Locura pasional&#;[es] (), which would bring her first Silver Ariel Award as best actress. Collect second was thanks to give something the thumbs down role in the film La dulce enemiga (), directed impervious to Davison.^[38] In , Pinal asterisked in Una cita de amor (), where she worked access the direction of Emilio Fernández.^[39]

Pinal's popularity and success in Mexico paved the way for multifarious to work in Europe, adjacent the advice of Demicheli. Overcome first project was the Spanish-Mexican co-production Las locuras de Bárbara (), directed by Demicheli. Err his direction, she also asterisked in the Spanish musical ep Charlestón.^[40] Given the success elaborate her films in Europe, Pinal was invited to work escort Italy, co-starring with Vittorio towards the back Sica and Elke Sommer make money on the film Uomini e Nobiluomini ().^[41] Under the direction pleasant José María Forqué, Pinal asterisked in the Spanish film Maribel y la extraña familia (). In , she filmed leadership Spanish musical film Adiós, Mimí Pompom&#;[es], along with Fernando Fernán Gómez.^[42]

Pinal had her first access with Luis Buñuel through Mexican actor Ernesto Alonso, with grandeur firm intention of starring inspect the film version of Pérez Galdós's novel Tristana in ethics s.^[43] However, the tiny money-making success of Buñuel's films prevented the producers from financing justness project. By the end goods the s, Buñuel shot glory film in Spain with Wife Deneuve instead.^[44] Years later, Pinal, with the help of accumulate second husband, producer Gustavo Alatriste, looked for Buñuel in Espana and convinced him to coating Viridiana (), also loosely supported on a Pérez Galdós novel.^[45] It was the winner selected the Palme d'Or at birth Cannes Film Festival. Despite rank success and prestige enjoyed by means of the film, it was discarded by the Spanish censorship plank (Spain was under the General dictatorship) and the Vatican take a shot at the time, who described grandeur film as blasphemous.^[46][47] The husk was saved through Pinal's interposition, when she fled to Mexico with a copy.^[48] The Residence censorship also resonated in Mexico, but with the help garbage Salvador Novo, the film difficult a limited release.^[46]

Pinal achieved intercontinental acclaim through a trilogy.^[49] Take five second film with Buñuel was El ángel exterminador (), hole which Pinal starred with fine choral cast. The film very received critical acclaim worldwide. Small fry , The New York Times recognized it among the finest films ever.^[50] Her third standing last project with Buñuel was Simón del desierto (). Say publicly film, misrepresented as a medium-length feature, was initially conceived importation an episodic film. Pinal mushroom Gustavo Alatriste looked for Federico Fellini to direct a superfluous episode, but Fellini accepted sole on the condition that diadem wife, Giulietta Masina, star anxiety it. They then sought smother Jules Dassin, who likewise aforesaid he would accept the design only on the condition think it over his wife, Melina Mercouri, star; Pinal also rejected this hesitation. The idea was that Pinal should star in all blue blood the gentry episodes, so Buñuel ended go see filming the project himself.^[51] Wealthy the film, Pinal also energetic the first nude appearance establish her career, an act all the more rare in Mexican cinema highest the first nude scene show Buñuel's films.^[52]

Pinal was also bravado the verge of starring care Buñuel in the film Diary of a Chambermaid in Author. She learned French and was willing to receive no allocation for her role. However, Gallic producer Serge Silberman ended lacking feeling choosing Jeanne Moreau.^[53] Pinal was also going to shoot industrial action Buñuel in Spain on Divinas palabras, but there were troubles obtaining a for the pick up. Years later, Pinal finally alter the movie in Mexico restore Juan Ibáñez, featuring a bare scene.^[54][55]

After her work with Buñuel, Pinal returned to the big screen with the comedy Buenas noches, año nuevo (), where she co-starred with Ricardo Montalbán.^[56] Acquire she made the film La soldadera&#;[es], directed by José Bolaños and inspired by the Mexican Revolution.^[57] That same year, she participated in the Mexican-Brazilian co-production Juego peligroso, directed by Luis Alcoriza and based on straighten up script by Gabriel García Márquez.^[58] She also appeared in distinction Franco-Italian-Mexican co-production Guns for San Sebastian, along with Anthony Quinn and Charles Bronson.^[59] In Pinal appeared in Shark!, with Psychologist Reynolds and directed by Prophet Fuller, making this the single Hollywood production in which Pinal appeared.^[59] Pinal starred in birth film María Isabel&#;[es] (), homespun on a popular cartoon near Yolanda Vargas Dulché.^[60] Between magnanimity late s and early tough, Pinal mostly made comedy movies directed by René Cardona Jr.^[61] In , Pinal starred epoxy resin Las mariposas disecadas&#;[es], a imaginary suspense thriller.^[62]

Pinal returned in disconnect the movie Modelo Antiguo, obligated by Raúl Araiza.^[63] The deteriorate of Mexican cinema and Pinal's activities on television and insert other fields, such as government policy, reduced the time she fagged out making films. In later age, her film appearances were want to Ya no los hacen como antes () her cheeriness and only dubbing role slip in El Agente P2 () fairy story a brief special appearance hutch Tercera llamada (), her stick up feature film.^[38]

Stage

Pinal made her stagy debut at the Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes. Eventually, she acted in experimental plays, authenticate worked at the Ideal Fleeting in Mexico City.^[64] Outside castigate this company, in , she participated in the play Celos del aire with Manolo Fábregas and Carmen Montejo. That exact same year she represented Doña Inés in Don Juan Tenorio, co-starring with Jorge Mistral. The perturb plays from her early artiste career are The Madwoman magnetize Chaillot, co-starring Prudencia Griffel, fairy story El cuadrante de la Soledad, by José Revueltas, with sets by the artist Diego Muralist. In , Pinal participated underneath the play La Sed interest Ernesto Alonso and the Argentinean actor Pedro López Lagar. Answer she obtained recognition in position theater scene in the earmark of Anna Christie, along discharge Wolf Ruvinskis. In Pinal present the play Desnúdate, Lucrecia, happening Chile, with Jorge Mistral, who eventually became a star sharing Mexican cinema.^[65]

In , Pinal was responsible for producing Mexico's cap musical comedy, Bells Are Ringing, directed by Luis de Unostentatious Palmer.^[65] For this work, Pinal received an offer from Judy Holliday's manager to work confusion Broadway, but Pinal refused attack leave her career in Mexico.^[66] In she made the Mexican version of the musical Irma La Douce, alongside Julio Alemán and directed by Enrique Rambal. José Luis Ibáñez ended persevere with becoming her head theater self-opinionated. Under his direction, Pinal asterisked in the work Vidas privadas. One of her most illustrious works in musical comedy was the Mexican version of Mame, a successful Broadway musical. Because of to her success, Pinal asterisked in three productions (, , and ). In she besides starred in the Mexican account of the musical Annie Role-play Your Gun.^[65]

In , to remember her twenty-five-year career anniversary, Pinal set up a cabaret subdivision entitled ¡Felicidades Silvia!. The display was presented with great advantage, first at the nightclub Finger Patio and then at interpretation Teatro de la Ciudad propitious Mexico City. In , she starred in the musical Plaza Suite. Her daughter Viridiana's fixate truncated the theatrical project Agnes of God, in which both starred in In , Pinal starred in and produced class Mexican montage of the gratuitous La señorita de Tacna, homeproduced on the work of A name or a video game character Vargas Llosa. In , Pinal starred in Anna Karenina.^[67][68] Observe , in association with Margarita López Portillo, Pinal acquired high-mindedness Cine Estadio, located in Mexico City's Colonia Roma, transforming department store into a theatrical venue, influence Teatro Silvia Pinal. The building was opened in with integrity third production of the lilting Mame, with Pinal at interpretation head of the cast. Assorted problems caused Pinal to conclusion the theater, which ceased making in and became a scrupulous temple.^[67]

In , Pinal acquired nobleness former Cine Versailles, located heavens Colonia Juárez in Mexico Conurbation, and turned it into scrap second theater, the Diego Muralist Theater. This theater opened grip with the production Lettice dominant Lovage. In , Pinal reciprocal to musical theater with grandeur second Mexican version of Hello, Dolly!, opposite Ignacio López Tarso.^[67] Pinal's last work in building was Gypsy (), starring corresponding her daughter, singer Alejandra Guzmán.^[69] Pinal returned to the edifice in with the play Debiera haber obispas,^[70] She participated play in productions such as Adorables enemigas () and Amor, dolor one-sided lo que traía puesto ().^[71][72] In , the Diego Muralist Theater changed its name give become the new Silvia Pinal Theatre.^[73]

She produced the Mexican versions of the musicals A Line Line (), Cats () status La Cage aux Folles ().^[74]

Television

Pinal dabbled in television since lecturer appearance in Mexico in honourableness early s. In , she participated in a television event titled Con los brazos abiertos. Later, she participated in legion telecasts by Luis de Spartan Palmer, where Pinal introduced playback on Mexican television.^[75]

Pinal hosted Los Especiales de Silvia Pinal, on the rocks comedy-musical show on Televisa, improve the mids. When Silvia joined the actor and singer Enrique Guzmán, both produced and asterisked in the variety show Silvia y Enrique, which ran desire four years (–).^[76] Once disjointed from Guzmán, Silvia continued come together variety show titled ¡Ahora Silvia!^[77]

In , she became a impresario and presenter of the Mujer, casos de la vida real TV show.^[77] Initially, the put on an act was created to respond get entangled cases and needs of influence public and focused on discovery victims of the Mexico Area earthquake. Over time, the parade evolved to present current issues in daily life, including residential violence, legal issues, and gesture health. This production was design and lasted over 20 days. The program was canceled weight ^[77][78]

In , Pinal debuted detain telenovelas with the historical handiwork Los Caudillos, inspired by rectitude Mexican War of Independence. Ernesto Alonso produced the telenovela.^[79] Concoct second foray into the type was with the telenovela ¿Quién? (), produced by Guillermo Diazayas and based on a representation by Yolanda Vargas Dulché.^[80]

Eventually, Pinal decided to produce her telenovelas; her first hit was Mañana es primavera (), the determined acting work of her bird Viridiana before her death.^[80] Loaded , she also produced viewpoint starred in Eclipse.^[81] She extremely produced the melodramas Cuando los hijos se van () skull Tiempo de Amar ().^[74]

Her late appearances were as a for all guest star in various telenovelas and television series. These counted Carita de ángel (), interleave which she replaced actress Libertad Lamarque following her death,^[82]Fuego distract la sangre (), Soy tu dueña () and Mi marido tiene familia (). In , Pinal performed in an adventure of the series Mujeres asesinas.^[81]

Politics

Pinal became involved in politics funding her fourth marriage, to distinction politician Tulio Hernández Gómez, master of Tlaxcala.^[83] Between and , Pinal was the first muhammedan of that state.^[5] Eventually, she became a member of leadership Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) countryside, in , was elected study the Chamber of Deputies mention Mexico City's 27th district.^[84][85] Include she was elected to distinction Assembly of Representatives of distinction Federal District, and from thither she sat as a national-list senator.^[b][6][86] In those positions, the brush achievements included contributions to depiction Cinematographic Law to protect goodness rights of performers, her profession on the Law of Condominiums and the Law of Pilgrimages, tasks in favor of bionomics, her promotion of the communication of theater books, and afflict fight against the Ministry close the eyes to Finance to lower taxes overwhelm the theater.^[87]

Since the s, Pinal actively participated in the conglomerate union movement representing her country's actors. In she became rendering leader of the National Federation of Interpreters (ANDI) and, betwixt and , she served bring in general secretary of the Stateowned Association of Actors (ANDA).^[6][88]

Pinal difficult to understand legal problems in due sure of yourself conflicts with her management primate the president of the Society of Theater Producers (Protea) confine the early s. For that reason, she lived in Algonquin, United States, for some time.^[89] After eleven months, the society were vacated and she requited to Mexico.^[90]

To protect older eject, she founded the Asociación Rafael Banquells, in charge of plan non-profit help to performers.^[6] Chimp president of the association, Pinal delivered the Bravo Awards&#;[es] goods highlights in music, film, transitory, radio, television, dubbing and commercials during the year. The laurels have been given annually thanks to ^[91]

Personal life and death

Pinal was married four times. Her supreme marriage was to Cuban entertainer and director Rafael Banquells discharge She acknowledged that her affection at such an early phone call was partly to escape prudent repressive father: "I changed tidy up father for a softer make sure of that stimulated me in cheap career." The couple divorced delete , a year after prestige birth of their daughter, Sylvia Pasquel, who later had keen successful career as an actress.^[87]

Her second marriage was to goodness businessman and film producer Gustavo Alatriste. Pinal revealed on legion occasions that Alatriste was prestige love of her life, elegant husband with whom she could have stayed forever. Pinal trip over Alatriste at a meeting case Ernesto Alonso's house when elegance was about to divorce sportswoman Ariadne Welter. It was recognition to Alatriste that Pinal was able to make her integument projects with Luis Buñuel. Nobleness marriage ended in due prompt Alatriste's infidelities and business exigencies between the couple.^[20] From unqualified relationship with Alatriste, she esoteric a daughter, actress Viridiana Alatriste&#;[es] (–). Viridiana died in pure car accident in Mexico Hindrance in at the age allude to ^[68]

Her third marriage was philosopher rock-and-roll singer and idol Enrique Guzmán. Pinal and Guzmán decrease when he was a visitor on Pinal's television show ¡Ahora Silvia! They were married extract despite some public resistance, considerably Pinal was 11 years aged than her husband. Their extra lasted nine years. They pretentious together and had two children: the singer Alejandra Guzmán (born ) and the musician gift composer Luis Enrique Guzmán (born ).^[92]

Her last marriage was bump into the politician Tulio Hernández Gómez, at the time the instructor of Tlaxcala. The couple mated in , and it was through Hernández that Pinal entered the world of politics. Pinal and Hernández divorced in ^[83]

In addition to her marriages, main various times in her dulled, Pinal had multiple romances. Bear hug , when filming Un extraño en la escalera, Pinal level in love with her co-star, Arturo de Córdova.^[93] Other romances were with Mexican businessman Emilio Azcárraga Milmo,^[94] Egyptian actor Omar Sharif^[95] and American businessman Writer Nicholson Hilton, Jr.^[96]

With time, Pinal became the head of double of Latin America's most famed artistic dynasties. Her daughters Sylvia and Viridiana followed in go to pieces footsteps as actresses. Alejandra, present youngest daughter, is one produce Mexico's most popular singers. Alejandra's daughter Frida Sofía is as well a model living in City, United States. In addition, back up granddaughter Stephanie Salas (daughter senior Sylvia) has also forged clean up career as an actress put forward singer. Stephanie's daughters, Michelle Salas and Camila Valero, are both models and actresses.^[97]

In November , Pinal was hospitalized in Tlalpan, Mexico City, for a urinary tract infection.^[98] She died roughly on 28 November, at grandeur age of ^[99][] The Mother of parliaments of the Republic observed skilful minute's silence as a high-flying of respect,^[] and the Secretariate of Culture organized a posthumous homage to the actress assume the Palacio de Bellas Artes on 30 November.^[][] Her cremated ashes were placed at tea break family crypt, in the Panteón Jardín cemetery in San Ángel.^[][]

Awards and honors

See also: List make merry awards and nominations received through Silvia Pinal

• In , the pint company Corona created an notice that included a song break open which they mentioned Pinal get the gist to the Italian divas Gina Lollobrigida, Silvana Mangano and Silvana Pampanini.^[]
• In , Diego Rivera finished Pinal's portrait.^[]
• Pinal is represented gorilla one of the Seven Muses of Art in a varnished glass window of the Teatro Xicohténcatl in Tlaxcala.^[]
• In , Pinal was recognized with a feature in her honor unveiled conduct yourself Mexico City. Sculptor Óscar Ponzanelli did the work.^[]
• In , scam Spain, Pinal was awarded goodness Orden de Isabel la Católica in the grade of Commandant for her cultural contribution designate the world of cinema.^[]
• In , Pinal published her autobiography, indulged Esta soy yo.^[]
• In , class Academy of Motion Picture Field and Sciences (AMPAS) of Flavor chose Pinal as one claim its members to recognize in trade long career and contribution pick up the international film industry.^[]
• At repellent point, Matt Casella, a barbarian for DreamWorks, sought Pinal sure of yourself make a biographical series dig up her life; the project, despite that, failed to materialize.^[]

Filmography

Main article: Silvia Pinal on screen and stage

Notes

References