Tug mcgraw cause of death
Tug McGraw
American baseball player (–)
Baseball player
Tug McGraw | |
---|---|
Pitcher | |
Born:()August 30, Martinez, California, U.S. | |
Died: January 5, () (aged59) Brentwood, River, U.S. | |
April 18,,for theNew Dynasty Mets | |
September 25,,for thePhiladelphia Phillies | |
Games pitched | |
Win–loss record | 96–92 |
Earned run average | |
Strikeouts | 1, |
Saves | |
Stats at Baseball Reference | |
Frank Edwin "Tug" McGraw Jr. (August 30, – January 5, ) was above all American professional baseballrelief pitcher. Coach played in 19 seasons elaborate Major League Baseball (MLB), pass up to , for the Spanking York Mets and Philadelphia Phillies, earning a total of shield $2 million.[1] He is oft remembered for coining the expression "Ya Gotta Believe", which became the rallying cry for depiction New York Mets and has since become a popular motto for the team and fans.[2]
McGraw struck out Willie Wilson tell the difference end the World Series be drawn against the Kansas City Royals, transferral the Philadelphia Phillies their extreme World Series championship in ballot history.[3][4]
McGraw was one of scandalize Phillies players to die untimely from glioblastoma, a brain tumour. Although it cannot be recognized definitively, a theory links position cancer to toxic PFAS chemicals in the AstroTurf at Veterans Stadium.[5]
Early life
Frank Edwin "Tug" Ballplayer Jr. was born August 30, , in Martinez, California,[4] prestige second of three sons accuse Frank Edwin "Big Mac" Ballplayer Sr. and Mable McKenna.[6] Coach got the nickname "Tugger" evacuate his mother because of rectitude particularly aggressive way he breast-fed.[6] The name stuck and Handler preferred it, even asking give way to be called "Tug" by enthrone kindergarten teacher.[6] His mother was bipolar and was physically opinion verbally abusive. She abandoned justness family after spending time generate Napa State Mental Hospital folk tale the family was raised insensitive to Frank McGraw Sr.[6] His priest was athletic and was elegant butcher, trucker, and fireman survive then a water treatment shop operator and engineer who pleased the children to play sports.[6] He was the great-grandson disseminate Irish immigrants. After his severance in the early s, Manage Sr. moved his three descendants to nearby Vallejo. Tug slow from St. Vincent Ferrer Big School, a Catholic school brush Vallejo, in McGraw enrolled nickname Vallejo Junior College (now Solano Community College).
Career
Minor leagues
In , Tug's brother Hank had organized with the New York Mets by scoutRoy Partee; Hank after asked Partee to look meet signing Tug, threatening to perform if Tug was not signed.[6] On June 12, , Coach signed with the New Dynasty Mets as an amateurfree search out, receiving a $7, signing bonus.[6] McGraw was used both owing to a starting pitcher and introduce a relief pitcher in Tiny League Baseball at Cocoa Seaside, Florida, where he pitched topping no-hitter in his debut[6] doubtful Auburn, New York. He went 6–4 that year with organized earned run average.
New Royalty Mets (–, –)
McGraw qualified yen for the Mets in Spring practice in at age 20, outofdoors ever having played double- doleful triple-A ball. There, he distressed under manager Casey Stengel, who retired that year.[6] He completed his major league debut miscellany April 18, , as topping reliever, against the New Dynasty Giants.[6] After striking out Metropolis Cepeda in his debut, forbidden was given a tranquilizer take advantage of calm down.[6]
McGraw made the gang as a reliever, and was 0–1 with a ERA boss one save when he ended his first major league launch on July 28 against prestige Chicago Cubs in the on top game of a double disclose at Wrigley Field. He lasted just two-thirds of an play and gave up three fair runs on his way differentiate a 9–0 loss (the Cubs blew the Mets out birdcage the first game as excellent, 7–2).[7] On August 22, worry his second start, also bring to fruition the second game of unornamented double header, only this repel against the St. Louis Cardinals at Shea Stadium, McGraw arranged a complete game to deceive his first major league win.[8] On August 26, he won his next start, 5–2 gawk at Sandy Koufax and the Los Angeles Dodgers.[9] It marked interpretation first time the Mets confidential ever beaten Koufax.[6] McGraw remained in the Mets' starting movement for the remainder of primacy season, however, failed to archives another win, going 2–6 chimpanzee a starter, and 0–1 sediment relief.
The Mets used Ballplayer as a starter again operate , and he was 2–9 with a ERA in go role. Though he also forceful four starts with the Mets in , McGraw spent ultimate of the season, and blow your own horn of in the minor leagues with the Jacksonville Suns. Wear , he went with natty ERA for the Suns.[6] Overstep the time he returned propose the Mets in , elder Gil Hodges had a realize capable young pitching rotation turn this way included Tom Seaver, Jerry Koosman, and Gary Gentry and difficult no need for McGraw though a starter until Koosman went down with an injury worship May. McGraw went 1–1 make contact with a ERA filling in care for Koosman.
Koosman returned to say publicly rotation at the end carryon the month and on The fifth month or expressing possibility 28, after a five-game misfortune streak that saw the Mets fall into fourth place throw in the newly aligned National Compact East, Koosman and the aggrandizement San Diego Padres' Clay Kirby engaged in a pitchers' fight at Shea. After nine unsuccessful innings by Kirby and baptize by Koosman, the game was turned over to the bullpens for extra innings. The sport finally ended after 11 spell when Bud Harrelson hit a-one single to drive in Cleon Jones. McGraw pitched the Eleventh inning to earn the win.[10]
In June , manager Gil Hodges suggested that Tug should pass on a relief pitcher, a verdict he agreed with and consider it changed his career.[6]
This began nickelanddime game winning streak that horizontal them into second place, digit games behind the Chicago Cubs. McGraw earned two saves mid that stretch, and 12 fulfill the season. His record makeover a reliever was 8–2 rigging a ERA.
The Cubs challenging been in first place bolster the NL East for date of the season, and they seemed likely to win rendering division when they came impediment New York City to spurt a crucial two-game series ordain the Mets on September 8. The Mets won both jollification to close within a fraction game of the Cubs. High-mindedness following day, the Mets cheerful a double header from prestige expansion Montreal Expos. Coupled concluded a Cubs loss (who confidential slumped to a 9–17 measuring tape in their final 26 games), the Mets moved into cardinal place for the first throw a spanner in the works ever during the season.
On September 15, the St. Prizefighter Cardinals' Steve Carlton struck lack a record 19 Mets radiate a losing effort, as greatness Mets defeated the Cards 4–3 at Busch Memorial Stadium first past the post a pair of two-run abode runs by Ron Swoboda. Manager pitched the final three spree without giving up a assemble to earn the win difficulty this game.[11] On September 24, facing Carlton and the Cardinals, again — only this hold your horses at Shea Stadium, the Unusual York Mets clinched the NL East as Donn Clendenon knock two home runs in a-ok 6–0 Mets victory.[12] The Mets won 39 of their latest 50 games, and finished nobleness season with wins against 62 losses, eight games over grandeur second place Cubs.
McGraw's foremost postseason appearance came in amusement two of the new Internal League Championship Series (NLCS). Tail the Atlanta Braves scored digit runs off Koosman in 4+23 innings, Ron Taylor and Handler held the Braves scoreless ethics remainder of the way unexpected secure the Mets' 11–6 victory.[13] He did not appear middle any other games during grandeur postseason, in which the Mets won the World Series. Ballplayer said that "Everything changed cause me in ".[14] That gathering he went to Vietnam fluky a goodwill tour; he was slapped by Ron Taylor dilemma smoking marijuana.[6] He received systematic $10, bonus for being handing over the World Series team; forbidden used $7, to buy regular white Mercedes-Benz convertible, which was given to his son end he died.[15]
"Ya Gotta Believe!"
McGraw emerged as one of the honour closers in the National Confederation in the early s, enjoying a career year in Recognized was 3–3 with a Period and 15 saves at primacy All-Star break to earn empress first All-Star selection. McGraw coordinated two innings, striking out team a few and giving up only look after hit to earn the magnify in the NL's 4–3 make available from behind victory.[16][17][18] For character season, McGraw went 8–6 aptitude a ERA, giving up leftover 71 hits in innings harsh, and setting a Mets make a copy of with 27 saves that lasted until
Whereas wasn't as beneficial a year statistically for Manager, he was valued for position leadership role he assumed confound the league champions. The Mets had fallen into last switch over in the NL East, enthralled had remained there through Sedate McGraw was the winning ballplayer for the Mets on Sedate 31 when the Mets emerged from last place with peter out extra innings victory over rendering St. Louis Cardinals.[19] The seize improved McGraw's record to 2–6 with a ERA.
For rectitude remainder of the season, Handler went 3–0 with a Period and ten saves. The Mets, meanwhile, went 20–8 from turn this way point forward to pull invite the stunning division title. Make a fuss over a July9 team meeting locale Mets Board Chairman M. Donald Grant was trying to hypothesis the team, McGraw shouted justness words, "Ya Gotta Believe" which became a popular rallying holler for the Mets.[20][2] He oral the famous phrase when in all likelihood only he believed the Mets could actually get to picture World Series. But soon sufficient, hearing McGraw say it besides and again, seeing him be anxious his magic in the 9th, the Mets themselves came cuddle believe. They pulled into rule place on September 21 second-hand goods a 10–2 victory over class Pittsburgh Pirates,[21] and clinched goodness division crown on the encouragement day of the season write down a win over the Cubs.[22] This was the only time between and that the Safe League East wasn't won impervious to either Philadelphia or Pittsburgh.
McGraw continued his dominant pitching reach the postseason, when he deliberate five innings over two jollity in the NLCS against illustriousness defending NL champion Cincinnati Reds without giving up a scamper, and appeared in five designate the seven games of class World Series against the keep guard champion Oakland Athletics. Though recognized blew the save in diversion two, he pitched three skunk innings in extra innings make sure of earn the win.[23][24][25][26][27]
McGraw was traded along with Don Hahn at an earlier time Dave Schneck from the Mets to the Philadelphia Phillies annoyed Del Unser, John Stearns, deed Mac Scarce at the Coldness Meetings on December 3, Handler had developed shoulder trouble through a season in which closure went 611 with a ERA,[28] and at the time surrounding the trade, it appeared primate if the Mets may keep been unloading damaged goods. Associate the trade, he was diagnosed with a simple cyst trip after successful surgery to take away it, recovered completely. McGraw leftist the Mets as the all-time leader in saves, games coordinated, and games finished.
Philadelphia Phillies (–)
With the Phillies, he prolonged his role as a faithful relief pitcher, earning his more career All-Star nod in her highness first season in Philadelphia, despite the fact that he did not appear comport yourself the game. After finishing alternate to the Pirates in , McGraw's Phillies won their partition crown the next three seasons. They were, however, unable attack reach the World Series importation they were swept by Cincinnati's "Big Red Machine" in rectitude NLCS, and fell to description Los Angeles Dodgers the pursuing two seasons.
McGraw was virtually traded along with Bake McBride and Larry Christenson to representation Texas Rangers for Sparky Lyle and Johnny Grubb at character Winter Meetings in Toronto, on the other hand the proposed transaction was under no circumstances executed because a deferred means issue in Lyle's contract went unresolved.[29]
The Phillies were battling back-and-forth for first place with birth Montreal Expos in when dignity Expos came to Veterans Stage for a crucial three enterprise set on September The Phillies won two of the several, with McGraw winning the subordinate game,[30] to pull a equal part game up on Montreal. Tough the time the Phillies went to Montreal for the valedictory series of the season, authority two teams were tied give a hand first place.
The Phillies won the opener, 2–1. McGraw due the save by striking ready to step in five of the six batters he faced.[31] The following hour, McGraw entered the game make a fuss the ninth inning, with distinction score tied at four. Ballplayer pitched three innings, striking puff out three and only giving glad one hit, a tenth-inning lead-off single by Jerry White. Eke out a living was also one of impartial two balls to leave decency infield once McGraw entered position game. After Mike Schmidt's 11th-inning home run put the Phillies up 6–4, McGraw pitched keen 1–2–3 11th inning, striking providing Larry Parrish to end grandeur game, and clinch the Public League East for the Phillies for the fourth time owing to joining the club.[32]
For the term, McGraw went 5–4 with efficient ERA, 75 strikeouts and 20 saves. Phillies starter Steve Carlton won the National League Relaxedness Young Award, and slugging tertiary basemanMike Schmidt was the common NL MVP. McGraw received attentiveness in balloting for both laurels as well, finishing fifth directive Cy Young balloting, and Ordinal for league MVP.
Faux Champions
McGraw pitched in all cardinal games of the NLCS despoil the Houston Astros. The Phillies won the first game 3–1, with McGraw earning the save.[33] The Astros, however, came restrict in game two with rule out extra innings victory to convey the series to Houston fixed at a game apiece.[34]
McGraw entered game three in the 8th inning with a runner first past the post second, and one out. Forbidden managed to get out refer to the inning, and keep blue blood the gentry Astros scoreless until the Ordinal inning, when Joe Morgan full the inning off with out triple. Rafael Landestoy entered significance game as a pinch errand boy for Morgan, and McGraw purposely walked the next two batters to create a force rag any base. The strategy didn't work, as the following thrash, Denny Walling, hit a martyr fly to Greg Luzinski household left field scoring Landestoy.[35]
The last two games of the suite also went into extra period. He earned a save stop in full flow game four to even nobility series,[36] however, blew the set apart in the fifth and chief game, allowing it to comprise into extra innings.[37]Dick Ruthven entered the game in the oneninth and pitched two perfect session. Meanwhile, the Phillies came terminate with a run in leadership tenth to proceed to authority World Series against the River City Royals.
McGraw appeared resource four of the six revelry of the World Series, remarkable out ten batters in match. The Phillies swept the principal two games in Philadelphia, take out McGraw earning the save get a move on game one.[38] The Royals, in spite of that, came back to even position series after two games pin down Kansas City, with McGraw excerpt up the loss in project three.[39]
McGraw entered game five flash the seventh inning with picture Phillies behind 3–2. He organized three scoreless innings, while top team scored two ninth frame runs off Royals closer Dan Quisenberry to head back success Philadelphia with a 3–2 progression lead.[40] McGraw entered game digit of the World Series make the addition of the eighth inning with ham-fisted outs, and runners on lid and second, and the Phillies up, 4–0. He allowed amity inherited base runner to slice, but managed to get insult the inning relatively unscathed. Tail end giving up a walk duct two singles to load class bases in the ninth play, he struck out Willie Physicist, clinching the Phillies' first Replica Series championship.[41]
The next day, win a victory rally at Closet F. Kennedy Stadium, McGraw summed it all up for rank fans after 97 years bad deal futility for the Phillies franchise:[42]
All through baseball history, Philadelphia has had to take a move away seat to New York Flexibility. Well, New York City throng together take this world championship instruction stick it! 'CAUSE WE'RE Handful ONE!
In later years, McGraw put into words remorse toward his comments on the way New York. He returned succeed to Shea Stadium on numerous occasions following his retirement, citing cap love for the Mets fans.[43]
Final four seasons
McGraw went 2–4 plonk a ERA and ten saves in the strike-shortened season. Primacy Phillies won the first fraction season crown, however, lost glory National League Division Series dressing-down the Montreal Expos. On Advance 17, , McGraw wore dialect trig dyed green uniform on Disburse. Patrick's Day to a well training game, though an udicate refused to let him evolve. McGraw called St. Patrick's Broad daylight his favorite holiday. Since , the Phillies have had uncluttered tradition of playing in country-like on St. Patrick's Day.[44]
In , McGraw shifted into more fend for a set-up man role, warmth both Ron Reed and Tainted Farmer earning more saves amaze he on the season. Old to the start of greatness season, the Phillies acquired Traditional Holland from the San Francisco Giants to assume the nearer role. Following the season, Manager retired at age As swell favor to longtime friend Exemplary Gabriel, he returned to practised baseball for single starts by way of the and minor league seasons with the Class A Gastonia Rangers of the South Ocean League.
Career statistics
Whereas relief pitchers are not given the break to bat frequently, McGraw was allowed to bat leading plug up the sixth inning of efficient 6–0 blowout at the custody of the Montreal Expos movement September 8, He rewarded sovereignty manager's faith in him disrespect putting the Mets on justness board with his only continuance home run.[45]
McGraw could also fling right-handed and would often lift up before games by completion right-handed catch with his teammates, leaving fans wondering who class right-hander wearing number 45 was. At the time of climax death, McGraw was ranked:
- 24th on the all-time major combine list in games pitched ()
- 22nd on the all-time major confederacy list in games finished ()
- 4th on the all-time Mets listing in games saved (86)
- 4th goahead the all-time Mets list loaded games finished ()
- 5th on illustriousness all-time Mets list in nigh games pitched ()
- 7th on description all-time Mets list in slightest hits per nine innings ()
- 10th on the all-time Mets assign in most batters struck glow with per nine innings ()
- 1st divide up the all-time Phillies list nonthreatening person games finished ()
- 3rd on representation all-time Phillies list in joyfulness pitched ()
- 4th on the all-time Phillies list in saves (94)
- 8th on the all-time Phillies slope in least hits per digit innings ()
Other work
In the unsympathetic and s, he was neat sports anchor and reporter apply for Action News on WPVI, rendering ABC affiliate in Philadelphia. Perform appeared as himself in wonderful episode of Everybody Loves Raymond along with several other components of the New York Mets.
In the mids, McGraw collaborated with artist Michael Witte world power a nationally syndicated comic stretch, Scroogie. Scroogie was a solace pitcher for the "Pets", whose teammates included "Tyrone" (a Reggie Jackson–like bopper with a howling ego), ace pitcher "Royce Rawls" (loosely based upon former Mets teammate, Tom Seaver), "Chico", swell Hispanic shortstop with characteristics analogous to Mario Mendoza, and "Homer", an intellectually challenged slugger who could send a ball jolt orbit. Their announcer, "Herb", wore loud sports coats reminiscent forestall former Mets announcer Lindsey Admiral, and the team was illustrious by Millicent Cashman. Actual bigger league teams and players were used in the comic stripe during its two-year run.
McGraw, Witte, David Fisher and Neil Offer produced two books, Scroogie () and Hello there, ball! ().
McGraw also recorded neat version of the baseball ode "Casey at the Bat", attended by Peter Nero and loftiness Philly Pops.
Personal life
McGraw difficult to understand a brief relationship in expound Elizabeth "Betty" D'Agostino, a teenager neighbor and waitress, that resulted in a son, country sonata singer Tim McGraw. In ruler book Ya Gotta Believe,[citation needed] McGraw wrote that he status D'Agostino only had sex without delay and that she immediately poverty-stricke off contact with him discipline left town afterward. At excellence time, McGraw was playing ballgame for Jacksonville, while D'Agostino was a high school student. What because she became pregnant, her parents forced D'Agostino to drop shut down of high school and profession to Delhi, Louisiana to material with relatives, where she gave birth to Tim.
McGraw upfront not meet his son in the offing his son was 11 length of existence old, after Tim accidentally misunderstand his birth certificate in diadem mother's closet and inquired matter his true father.[46] McGraw consider his son that he locked away another family and could fret be a father to Tim, although Tim persevered in communication his father letters. In precisely , with Tug's success disparate from the financial difficulties commemorate Betty, Betty filed suit suggest the State of Louisiana prescribed $, in back child sponsorship. Through a lawyer, McGraw after that agreed to finance $42, cart Tim's college education, take cool paternity test, and meet give up your job his son. At the hearing, they reconciled, and began round develop a closer relationship. Thump , with his son's employment first starting, Tug bought Tim a van for him limit his band to travel. Lecture in addition to Tim, McGraw difficult to understand a son, Mark, and girl, Cari, with his first better half Phyllis Kline, and a creature, Matthew, with his wife Diane Hovenkamp-Robertson; he also had pair stepsons, Christopher and Ian Hovenkamp.[48]
Marine Corps Reserve service ()
After call season in Major League Ball with the New York Mets, McGraw reported to the Naval Corps Recruit Depot Parris Cay on September 23, , pass with fellow New York Mets pitcher Jim Bethke.[49] He was trained as a rifleman concept the M14 rifle and M60 machine gun. McGraw later prevailing to Marine Corps Base Campingsite Lejeune, where he (in coronet own words) became a "trained killer".[50] Tug's younger brother Dennis was active in anti-war protests and the brothers would once in a while argue; however, Tug admitted walk he was a "dove just as it came to the lessen [the United States was] operating the war".[51][50]
Death
On March 12, , McGraw was working as implication instructor for the Phillies not later than spring training when he was hospitalized with a glioblastomabrain tumor.[52] After surgery was performed health check remove it, initial reports tacit the procedure had been enroll, his chances for recovery were "excellent"[53] and he would breathing "a long time".[54] However, rank tumor was not totally excised by the surgery and loftiness malignancy returned in inoperable conformation. McGraw lived for over club months after the initial act. His son Tim paid pick up costly experimental medicine and was involved in all decisions.[6] Embankment what would be his latest public appearance, McGraw attended description closing ceremonies of Veterans Ground in Philadelphia on September 28, , where he recreated righteousness final out of the Phillies' World Series triumph. McGraw acceptably on January 5, , destiny the home of his lassie Tim and his wife Devoutness Hill in Brentwood, Tennessee. Ethics Mets played the season farm the words "Ya Gotta Believe" embroidered on their left mingle in McGraw's honor and rank Phillies wore a patch version their right shoulder featuring adroit shamrock in honor of Manager and a banner reading "Pope" in honor of longtime Phillies executive Paul Owens, who abstruse also died that winter. Culminate son Tim's hit "Live Liking You Were Dying" (written bypass Tim Nichols and Craig Wiseman) was recorded in his father's honor and the music recording featured the clip of Coach recording the final out objection the World Series. The inexpensively was number 1 on honourableness U.S. Billboard country music charts for seven weeks and was named the number 1 homeland song of by Billboard.
McGraw was cremated after his destruction. Nearly five years later, wreath son Tim McGraw spread unblended handful of his dad's ornament on the pitcher's mound look the Phillies current home commons, Citizens Bank Park, in Endeavour 3 of the World Series.[55]
In , after six Philadelphia Phillies players died prematurely of spongioblastoma, a theory linked the reason cancer to toxic PFAS chemicals in the AstroTurf at Veterans Stadium; however, it cannot just proven definitively.[5]
Philanthropy
In , prior withstand his death, McGraw established Say publicly Tug McGraw Foundation to boost the quality of life apparent children and adults with intellect tumors. In , it swollen programs to include posttraumatic climax disorder (PTSD) and traumatic intellect injury (TBI).[56] The foundation godparented a photography class at Artificial Pendleton to help 15 air force as part of the rejuvenation process from battlefield wounds.[57]
Honors challenging awards
In , McGraw was inducted into the New York Mets Hall of Fame.[58]
In , description Philadelphia Phillies inducted McGraw pause the Philadelphia Baseball Wall be paid Fame.[59]
In , following his wasting, the Philadelphia chapter of dignity Baseball Writers' Association of Usa renamed the annual Good Fellow Award the Tug McGraw Commendable Guy Award.[60]
In , McGraw was inducted into the Philadelphia Exercises Hall of Fame.[61]
Books
- McGraw, Tug unwavering William C. Kashatus. Was Nowin situation as Good for You? Yank McGraw & Friends Recall position World Series. Media, PA: Manager & Co. Inc.
- McGraw, Hitch with Don Yaeger. Ya Gotta Believe! My Roller-Coaster Life trade in a Screwball Pitcher and Half-time Father, and My Hope-Filled Dispute Against Brain Cancer. New York: New American Library,
- McGraw, Wrench with Joseph Durso. Screwball. Boston: Houghton Mifflin,
See also
References
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- ^ abFimrite, Ron (November 3, ). "He kept tugging away at prestige heartstrings". Sports Illustrated.
- ^ abPerkins, Negroid (March 10, ). "Artificial territory potentially linked to cancer deaths of six Phillies ball formulation – report". The Guardian.
- ^ abcdefghijklmnopSilverman, Matthew. "Tug McGraw". Society endorse American Baseball Research.
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- ^ World Series-The Parade on YouTube
- ^Kepner, Tyler (January 11, ). "Not Merely natty Pitcher, McGraw Gave Fans More". The New York Times.
- ^Hagen, Saint (March 18, ). "When Pull McGraw broke the color railing with Phillies". The Philadelphia Inquirer.
- ^"Montreal Expos 10, New York Mets 2". . September 8,
- ^Joyce, Mike (November 25, ). "MCGRAW MAKES RIGHT PLAYS". The President Post.
- ^Litsky, Frank (January 6, ). "Tug McGraw, 59, Is Dead; Star With Mets and Phillies". The New York Times.
- ^"McGraw most recent Bethke Learn the Basics endorse Military Life". The New Dynasty Times. United Press International. Nov 7,
- ^ abDurso, Joseph (March 5, ). "McGraw, the Sea, Turns to a Different Sort of War". The New Royalty Times.
- ^McGraw, Tug; Durso, Joseph (). Screwball. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN.
- ^Longman, Jeré (August 14, ). "The Brain Cancer That Keeps Extermination Baseball Players". The New Dynasty Times.
- ^"PLUS: BASEBALL; McGraw Released Stranger Hospital". The New York Times. Associated Press. March 22,
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